Mutual
funds are hedge is probably
Mutual funds are hedge is probably more of a mystery.
between mutual funds and hedge funds is that mutual funds are
regulated. Hedge funds, on the other hand, bypass regulation by structuring
themselves to be although they are subject to antifraud standards.
When a hedge fund employs leverage, it borrows money to
achieve a higher return. It's the same thing that happens when an individual
buys stock on margin in a brokerage account. Leverage can also be employed by
entering "cashless" derivative transactions. This way you can invest and earn
returns greater than if you had to invest all of your cash in just stocks or
bonds.
This is why hedge funds are often categorized as higher
risk/higher opportunity investments, and why you hear about hedge fund blow-ups
in the media. If a fund is the market doesn't move in a favorable way, the fund
can lose a lot of money very quickly.
Hedge funds can achieve higher returns versus mutual funds
Mutual funds are required to value and price their
portfolios daily in the hedge fund world; valuations may only be available on a
quarterly or monthly basis. This can be partially due to some of the more exotic
positions certain hedge funds might hold, such as over-the-counter OTC
derivatives, on which daily prices are not available.
In the hedge fund world, the portfolio manager also charges
a management fee. The management fee is charged in addition to a performance
fee, which can only be collected by the manager if the fund makes money.
The rules pertaining to the marketing of hedge funds are
very specific. Non-registered hedge funds may not solicit for contributions. The
hedge fund manager must have a pre-existing relationship with a potential
The ability to short and employ leverage allows hedge funds
to potentially make more money than their mutual fund counterparts. But all of
the advantages of hedge funds can become a nightmare if the fund is highly
leveraged and the market moves in a direction opposite of the manager's opinion.
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